Newspapers / The Raleigh Times (Raleigh, … / June 18, 1896, edition 2 / Page 5
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AN INDUSTRIAL SUPPLEMENT. ^ G 0 o ^ 0$ Philadelphia Foremost in Art, Science and Industrial Progress. HER PROUD HISTORY. Philadelphia leads the world. It does not lead the cities of the world n point of population. Its area does not Include miles of prairie. Within its con fines are not the most densely popu- ated districts of the globe. But it Stands first and foremost among the freater communities of all countries. Making use of the term in its high est moral, intellectual and industrial sense, Philadelphia has no peer. Stand ing pre-eminently at the head, it is at Jnce the admiration of the general world, the envy of its would-be com petitors and the pride of its citizens. It is a city founded on the nobler Principles of the brotherhood of man; fostered on the lines of honest labor and industry and supported by a foundation »f wealth, culture and all that goes to perpetuate a community Lad peace. It is the truly American in its origin and initial iity which was made and. in prosperity city. Peculiar institutions—a did not spring Spontaneously from the concurrence of Jircumstances and surroundings—it yet took its place early in the focus of American tendencies and aspirations. It was the center at first of peace. Later Ground and in it waged the fiercest of the battle for freedom. It was the birthplace of this great nation, the tradie of liberty. The greatest of human Deliberations were carried forward to National conclusions within its borders and from it, as a center, were derived those impulses to sublime action which Attain even greater proportions as each Succeeding year takes its place in the ranks of history. That American spirit which manifest ed itself in the early days of the Re public has never departed. It has re mained to become stronger and bolder with time, and the cits' still leads in American thought, enterprise and ac tion. It still holds highest the ideals of the American nation, which include liberty to all, intellectual and industrial advancement and prosperity at home, with commercial supremacy and na tional honor abroad. It is a city of homes, of schools and of churches. A city magnificent in its Physical proportions and character. A city of a million and a quarter of souls. A center of literature, music and art. A city of law-abiding people. A city of superb public and private buildings. A city with an domestic trade. extensive foreign and A city whose output of manufactures is not by any other on the face of the Philadelphia leads the world. yearly equaled globe. Historical. The events of the past bear Upon the affairs of the present. closely Every- thing in life is said to be relative, and thus, while the scope of this edition comprehends, primarily, those live mat ters pertaining to this city of to-day—its institutions, resources, material wealth and prosperity—there is so much that is distinctly notable in the history of the settlement, progress and growth of the City of Brotherly Love germane to the subject matter hereinafter presented .that a review thereof from the earliest period seeirs eminently fitting by v/ay of a Prologue to the chapters that follow. For, though vast and of surpassing im portance her manufacturing, mercantile and financial interests, she stands pre- eminent in her relations with the des tinies of the nation in “the times that tried men’s souls.” Indeed, Philadelphia may be said to occupy a niche in his toric associations with the epoch which gave civil and political liberty to the American people pre-eminently her own. The birthplace of the Republic, the Capi tal up to 1800, the metropolis of the West ern World for many years, and the first place on earth to proclaim and put into practical application the sublime doc trine of the Brotherhood of Man and the Fatherhood of God. Philadelphia may justly be called the most noted city in the country. Here Was printed the first American news paper, the first Colonial Congress met Within its confines and the city main tained commercial supremacy until the. York became the great entrepot for in land and maritime traffic. The Quaker City’s early history is re plete with stirring incidents, and the story of the rise and progress of Philadel phia for 214 years presents an epitome of human interest, unsurpassed in the an nals of nature. No lust of conquest im pelled hither the man to whom it owes its name and its origin. His object in founding the city, William Penn an nounced thus: “I took charge of the province of Pennsylvania for the Lord’s sake. I wanted to afford an asylum for the good and oppressed of every nation and to frame a Government which might be an example.” For similar reasons he selected its name. The original site of the city was called by the Indians, Coaquenaku, said to mean “the grove of tall pines,” which may be regarded as doubtful, as the Indians called the Delaware River by the same name. Th e colony was vigorous from the start; for in 1682 not less than twenty- three ships arrived with settlers. Legis lation began the year next succeeding, ana in 1684 there were 300 houses and a population of 2500 in the embryo city. In 1699 the number of houses had increased to 700 and the place boasted 4500 inhabi tants. Previous to his final departure Penn incorporated the city. In 1701 scarcely, however, had the great philanthropist departed from the scene in which his presence was an all powerful factor, with an abiding faith in Providence and the hand of destiny, than dissensions arose, not among the Quakers, but be tween them and those in authoritv in the affairs of state. And for three- quarters of a century following the his tory of Philadelphia exhibits the most glaring contradiction of its name; for it is simply a record of discords growing out of the conflicting views of the Quaker settlers and the governors of the province on military and financial mat ters. During the war of England with France and Spain the Governor, alive to the dangers threatening the colony, created a militia in 1704, a measure par ticularly obnoxious to the disciples of Fox, whom he sought to enlist in his favor by strategem. On the Fair Day, 1706, a messenger arrived from New Castle, Del., with the news that the enemy’s ships were in the river and ap proaching the city. The Governor, on horseback, with sword drawn, urged the people to take up arms for the public de fense. A panic ensued; the ships were placed out of reach of danger; the people hid their valuables and fled; but the Quakers remained calm and could neither be frightened or coaxed into the move ment. The fraud was discovered, how ever, and the Governor promptly dis placed. When Lewes, on the Deleware, was plundered by the French privateers in 1709, Governor Gookin’s demand for a grant of $20,000 to aid the Queen in the invasion of Canada was refused by the assembly. Thomas Penn, son of the founder of the colony, arrived here in 1732, the city at that time having attained considerable importance as a trading and commercial centre. In 1739 Governor Thomas, in the quarrel between England and Spain, is sued letters of marque and reprisal. Less than a decadeTater Benjamin Franklin, by the timely publication of his “Plain Truth,” roused a spirit of military en- thusiam among the people, which even tuated in an armed force of 10,000. He also promoted the erection of a battery below the city, which in 1750 mounted fifty pieces of cannon, and occupied the site of the present United States Navy Yard. In 1755 a militia bill was passed and Benjamin Franklin .was colonel of the city regiments. The spirit of resisting British .aggres sion manifested itself in 1765 continually gaining strength yearly until 1774. In September of that year the first Con tinental congress met at Carpenter’s Hall and in 1775, on May 10, the second assem blage gathered in the State House. Hero, on June 15 : 1775, Colonel George Washington, of Virginia, was appointed Commander-in-chief of the armies of the United States. The Declaration of In dependence was adopted in the State House, July 4, and proclaimed July 8, 17a>. The battle of Germantown was nought on October 4, 1777. At that time Philadelphia was the capital of the province, remaining as such (except dur ing the British occupation) until 1799. It was the seat of Federal Government from 1790 to 1800. In the War of 1812 Philadelphians mani fested much martial spirit and patriotism and a large share of the men, monev and supplies necessary to prosecute the struggle was drawn from, the city. Even though a foreign war was in progress home enterprise was not neglect- a ? d 111 the latt er part of the year 1812 the steam water works at Fairmount were commenced. An epidemic of vellow k ver -oPy'’? 1 ! f ‘?. au ™ 1 s- the time, in 1832 the Philadelphia, Germantown & Nor ristown Railroad was completed. During the Summer of that year Asiatic cholera made its dread appearance and from July o to October 4 caused 935 deaths. Gas was introduced in 1836. In 1837 specie payment was suspended, and the failure of the Bank of the United States, two years later, for a time prostrated the commerce of the city. The establishment of the first telegraph line dates from April 27, 1846. The char ter of the city (March 11, 1789) being mere ly an adaptation of the original act of incorporation to the political changes of the period, the suburbs, in the course of time, w6re created districts with inde pendent organizations: the inconvenience of the system led ultimately to the con solidation act, in 1854, which abolished the suburban municipalities and made the city co-extensive with the County of Philadelphia. was fittingly celebrated in 1876, the exhi bition marking a notable epoch in the history of our city and our country. Founding of Philadelphia. If in no other way the master mind of the great William Penn shows itself in the founding of this City of Brotherly Love. He planned it not merely for his own day and generation, but for all time and all generations, and if Penn had lifted the' veil of the centuries and look ed into the distant future with a pro phetic vision, he could not have made his plans better. Penn was, perhaps, in many respects better qualified for the, founding of a great city than any other man of his day. In his youth, his father, Admiral Penn, who was a man of prominence in his day and a friend of the King, had sent him to the Continent of Europe, In the hope of breaking olf his growing belief in the doctrines of the Quakers. This effort not successful, for Penn’s mind was so firmly held by the teachings of Fox that his travels only tended to confirm him in thd belief and he returned to England only to become himself a Quaker preacher, instead of a diplomat or courtier as his father had hoped. This adherence of Penn to the cause of the Quakers cost his father a peerage and himself a title, for a son in the line of succession who openly es ¬ poused the cause of the Quakers,” the gallant Admiral could not be granted the token of royal favor, which was the highest reward of faith ful service to. the Crown. This course of Penn’s was a course of profound sorrow and bitter disappointment to the am bitious Admiral, but he lived to appre ciate the force of his son’s character and give him his blessing in his chosen work. But the years of Penn’s life spent in a conflict between the parental desires and the inclinations of his own heart and conscience were now to bear fruit. He was naturally of an observing turn of mind and in his knowledge of men, measures and places was essentially a man of the world—not of worldly desires in a selfish sense, but of worldly knowl edge in its broadest sense. He was a thorough diplomat, as his treatment of the Indians and of his white neighbors of different races shows; he was a shrewd man of business, as his energetic and enterprising methods of building up his province prove; and above all he was a far-seeing man of ideas. With the sim plicity and modesty of a Quaker he had the master-mind of the born leader and ruler of men, and this his city on the Delaware is a lasting monument. During his visits to the great capi tals of Europe he had carefuly noted their plans and their lines of, develop ment, and he had the opportunities of studying the results of centuries of growth. Even then Penn had in mind the founding of a community on the principles of the Quakers, and it was with the firm conviction that neither England nor the Continent afforded a suitable site for the planting of such a community that he turned his attention to the New World: Thus, with a prac tical knowledge of the sources of muni cipal development, a firm faith in the promise of the future, and a mind and purpose wholly devoted to the welfare of the community, Penn devoted him self to the task of laying out his city. He had already decided upon its name and had chosen one which was typical of the ruling spirit of his ideal com munity—Philadelphia, the City of Broth erly Love. It was not a new name, nor was his a.new idea. Centuries—yes, ages before—men of master minds had been imbued with the same or a very similar idea of an ideal community, typical of the highest civilization of their day, where brotherly love should rule, and history records the founding of at least two cities to which the name Philadel phia was given. But in neither case was the time ripe for the successful carrying out of such a plan, nor was the man at hand to give it a permanent founda tion. It was reserved for Penn’s time to furnish in the persons of the Quakers the people whose principles and prac tices rendered feasible the almost Utopian dreams of the greatest minds of Grecian civilization in the New World the ideal site for the planting of the perfect Commonwealth, and in Penn him self the master-mind and hand to de vise and direct the plans, which under such fortuitous circumstances should re sult in establishing a permanent city of Philadelphia. it cherishes and protects it and makes it a magnet for the peoples of the earth, just as long as the city serves its pur pose best; but just as soon as there ap pears elsewhere the promise of a larger prosperity and a more enduring growth trade leaves the city it has built and fostered and seeks its more attractive rivals. We need not delve among the buried ruins of the Old World for illustrations of this well-established fact; our own land, still in its centuries of youth, will furnish abundant illustration of cities which have been founded on a mistaken idea, which have had a mushroom growth and left only a memory of disappointed hopes—the graveyard of a boom col lapsed. The cities that have had a permanent and enduring prosperity have ever been and are to-day those which have offered superior facilities for trade —and one foremost among these is Phila delphia. Where the z watorj^of tap Schuylkill meet those /of tW • J-he two great rivers approach each he- other, the one from the north and west and the other from the northeast, and between them, northward from their confluence, stretches a neck of land irregular in its outline and rapidly broadening toward the north. On this neck of land, beauti ful in its native verdure and the rich Autumn foliage illumined by the soft rays of an October sunlight as Penn sailed up the Delaware from New Castle to survey the new domain of which he was proprietor, he planned to found his city. It seemed as if Nature herself, in fol lowing out the law- that all things are created for a purpose, had fashioned this neck of land and its embracing arms of water as the very site on which to place a commercial metropolis of the New' World—and to-day the city planted there owns but one rival in commercial Impotance, and that is New York, to which even in many special features of ?£Y, ar V-^® °^ residence and business Philadelphia can justly claim superiority. By reason of her favorable location Philadelphia trade and Philadelphia in- Delightful Breathing Spots Are Enjoyable Pleasure Grounds of the People. LOVELY FAIRMOUNT. Physically speaking, Philadelphia is a queen among cities. Fine bublic build ings, well-paved streets and good muni cipal government is not all that is re quired by the population of a great city when comfort and happiness is sought. There must, in addition to these very excellent attributes, be spots of beauty here and there where the delightful verdure of nature may thrive and where pure air and cooling breezes may be found in the heated Summer time. Such reservations as parks and squares for the general enjoyment of the people have been made in a majority of the wards of the city and they very nicely provide for the needs of our citizens. They are the result of a policy inaugurated by the founder of the State, who laid out on the plan of the city four squares, at its four angles, containing together twenty-eight acres, and further ! of it for the Centennial Exhibition of 1876. It lies on both sides of the Schuyl kill River, in the western portion of the city plan, and extends from its-east en trance westward three and a half miles, northward five and a half miles along the Schuylkill River, to the northwest ern bountry of the city, and a further distance of six and a half miles along the Wissahickon, a tributary stream which flows into this river, the whole tract embracing an area of land and water of nearly 3000 acres. It is dedicated to the use of the whole people of the State as a public common, and is in charge of a Board of Commis sioners, who are authorized to make the necessary expenditures for its prop er maintenance from appropriations made annually for this purpose by the Councils of the city. It was acquired by the city under the authority of the State, mainly by purchase. A large portion of it, however, was the gift of citizens. The river which passes through it is the main supply of the water of the city, and the preservation of its purity was one of the purposes of the acquisition of Its waters within the grounds. The whole tract was formerly a series of estates. One portion of it was the resi dence of John Penn, the last Colonial Governor of Pennsylvania; another, the estate of Judge Peters, the Secretary of war of the Colonies, during the Revolu tion; another, the country seat of Robert Morris, the financier of the Revolution. The mansion of Judge Peters, as well as others of those Colonial dwellings, re main as they were a hundred years ago. Chief among the modern buildings at are Memorial Hail and f™ tural HalL . Memorial Hall was built from appropriations made by the fo .. r the Cen tennial Exhibi- at a cost of one and a half million dollars. A gallery of pictures is a tearing feature of this building, among Hothermel’s celebrated painting of ^Gettysburg. This building 1 the public, free, daily, in- etnuing Sundays, throughout the year. Horticultural Hall was built at the -> im ® by the city. It contains a magnificent collection of plants, among them the fern trees of Australia. The Pther nearby structures are the Ohio building and the buildings of the British Commissioners, also remembrances of the Centennial The buildings of the Zoological Garden, the ground of which covers a tract of thirty-three acres, are upon the western shore of the Schuylkill, below Girard Avenue. The boat club houses of the Schuylkill Navy are above the old Fairmount Water Works, along the margin of the river. These + as K are c^uai in al! their appointments to those of any organization for similar Purposes; in fact, no like collection of buddings as extensive for boating - clubs is found anywhere else in the United States. It is, however, in its natural advan tages that the Park has its admirable place among the pleasure grounds of the world. The lower Schuylkill section, two thousand two hundred and forty acres contains half a million trees and shrubs,’ among these three thousand four hun dred forest trees, with some rare speci mens eighteen to twenty-seven feet in circumference. The flowers and flower ing shrubs are a remarkable feature of the Park. These have been classified in five hundred -genera and seven hundred varieties. The Park contains also in its stratifications one-sixth of the known minerals of the United States; its waters, fifteen species of fish, and its woods, thickets and meadows, seventy- seven species of birds, resident or migra tory, observed during the year. Within the borders of the Park the Schuyl kill River has an average breadth of Baptist Orphanage, Angora Station. Bedford Street Mission, 619 and 621 Alaska. Street. Bethesda Children’s Christian Home, Chestnut Hill. Board of Missions of the Diocese of Pennsylvania, 1104 Walnut Street. Bureau of Charities, 42 North Seventh Street. Bethany ’ ay Nursery, 2112 Bainbridge Street. Burd Orphan Asylum, Sixty-third and Market Streets. Butler Memorial Home, Haines Street, Germantown. Central Diet Kitchen, 411 Spruce Street. Central Soup Society, 813 Arch Street. - Children’s Aid Society, 127 South Twelfth Street. Children’s Country Week Association, 1414 Arch Street. Christ Church Home, Forty-eighth Street and Belmont Avenue. Church Home for Children, Angora Station. Church Home for Seamen, Swanson and Catharine Streets. Educational Home, Forty-ninth Street and Greenway Avenue. Forrest Home for Actors, Holmesburg. Foster Home Association, Twenty-fourth and Poplar Streets. Franklin Reformatory Home, 911-915 Lo cust Street. French Benevolent Society, 118 Delaware Avenue. Friends’ Home for Children, 4011 Street. Fuel Savings Society, 252 North Street. South Aspen Broad George Nugent Home for Baptists, Johnston Street, Germantown. Gorgas Home for Women, Roxborough. Harrison Day Nursery, 1826 Federal Street. Hayes Mechanics’ Home, Forty-eighth Street and Belmont Avenue. Home for the Aged, 1809 Mt. Street. Home for Aged Couples, 1723 Street. Home for Aged Couples of the terian Church, Streets. Vernon Francis Presby- Sixty-fifth and Vine opening of the Erie Canal, In the days of 1861 to 1865 the city lavished in the glorious cause of the Lnion its treasure in men and money, I and the First Regiment "stands eminent when New 1 t or . servlces throughout the war. The 1 when [.Centenary of American Independence for sei-vices throughout the war. of American Independence Location. It is prophesied by some that because of its superb location with reference to the country in general, but to the popul ous and wealthy Atlantic seaboard in particular, Philadelphia will one day be come the metropolis of the Western Hemisphere. With the vast improve ments yet to be made to encourage the foreign commerce of the city, it- is rea sonable to assume that the great re sources of the as yet undeveloped Mid- dle-Atlantic States will find an outlet through Philadelphia and her magnifi cent waterway—the Delaware River. History give us hundreds of instances where great cities were founded and grew to commanding prominence in popu lation, in wealth and in commerce, and then in the course of time declined, de cayed, and at last either disappeared entirely from the face of the earth—and that not through war, or pestilence, or through famine, or from any outward cause, but simply and solely because they lacked in themselves the essential ele ments of permanent success. The for tune of cities is not won by favor but by the superior attractions of natural and material advantages. Trade is an ex acting servant and a most tyrannical master. It .builds a city and it rules it - a quarter of a mile, in some parts broadening so as to present the appear ance of lakes, in others showing a slow flowing stream. The Wissahickon, its tributary, is among the most remarka ble of all known waters as a type of Intended that the whole front of the I PaL^blSdesUcoM^ twel n ty y smaue? SCENE ON CHESTNUT STREET. dustry furnish an important factor of New York’s trade. Taking Philadelphia as the center of a circle with a radius of 136 miles, we find that the territory embraced within this convenient distance includes Washington, which is 136 miles to the southwest; New York, 87 miles to the northeast; Balti more, 98 miles away; Harrisburg, . 106 miles distant; Brooklyn and the popu lous suburbs of New York city, the en tire States of New Jersey and Delaware— a country teeming with a busy population that is within convenient reach of Phila delphia by many splendidly equipped lines of railroad, besides the natural waterways. As a center of trade and a convenient shipping port either by water or rail, Philadelphia has to-day many advantages of' superiority that are be coming better appreciated every year and have especially since the centennial celebration of 1876 been brought promi nently to the attention of the nation. Wherein We Are First. The first law school in America opened here in 1790. The first American flag was made at No. 239 Arch Street. The first American volunteer fire com pany Was organized here in 1736. The Mint of the United States was established here in 1792, by act of Con gress. The first coins made in the United States were struck at 29 North Seventh Street. The first medical college in the United States was inaugurated in Philadelphia in 1751. city along the Delaware RivSr should be kept a green slope. The city government subsequently im proved these squares and from time to time added other small tracts, so that now there are thirty-three open areas of ground through the city, embracing al together 217 acres, the common property of the citizens. Among these there is Stenton Square, an old homestead of fourteen acres, formerly the property of James Logan, colonial secretary of the founder; Bartram’s Garden, eleven acres, the first botanical gaden in America; the ground, two and one-half acres, where the founder made his famous treaty with the Indians under the great elm tree; and Independence Square, four and a half acres, where the Declaration of Independence was first read to the people. These grounds are laid out in walks, trees and flower bushes have been planted and the whole lighted at night by electricity. There is also a larger tract. Hunting Park, of forty-three acres, enclosing course, now a public common for the citizens. streams, and one hundred and fifty spring of clear, cold water. It has every variety of scenery—upland, lawn, rocky ravines, high hills and open fields. It is made acessible to visitors by fifty miles of carriage drives and over a hun dred miles of smaller roads and paths and by rowboats and steamers on the Schuylkill, a distance of six miles, and by rowboats on the Wissahickon, a dis tance of two miles. A large number of beautiful pieces of statuary ornament the grounds at va rious points and remind one of impor tant epochs in the history of the city or the country—prominent among them are statues of Charles Carroll, of Car rollton; Commodore Barry, “The Father of the American Navy,” and of Dr. Witherspoon, of Revolutionary fame. A beautifully executed statue of Abraham Lincoln impresses all visitors and mar ble representations of General Mead, Humboldt. Morton McMichael, Goethe, Schiller, Joan of Arc, and others, recall important times in the life of the world. At the Green Street entrance of the Park a foundation is being laid for the heroic statue of Washington, costing $250,000, which will be unveiled some time during the coming Fall. In addition the above-mentioned breathing places, Philadelphia has the most notable and beautiful park in the world. No other city, either in Europe or America, can boast of such a p’ublie property as Fairmount Park, a great tract of land and water brought into prominence by the reservation made out Charitable Institutions. Among the benevolent, charitable and humane institutions of Philadelphia not otherwise specifically mentioned on ac count of space are the following:— American Anti-Vivisection Society, 1701 Chestnut Street. Baptist Home, Seventeenth and Norris Streets. relic by the Carpenter’s company, and is often visited by strangers. The first American flag was made by Betsy Ross, in a little building at 239 Arch Street, which is still standing. Old Christ’s Church is located upon Second Street, just north of Market, and is a fine example of colonial architecture. In point of interest it divides honors with old Swede’s Church in Southwark. Upon busy Arch Street, just below Fifith, one may observe an open space in the high brick wall guarding the ceme tery of Christ’s Church, through the rail ing of which is to be seen the grave of the great printer, philosopehr and states-, man, Benjamin Franklin. William Penn’s house formerly standing in Le titia Street, near Second and Chestnut Streets, is now located in Fairmount Park, just beyond the western end of Girard Avenue bridge. Several historic country houses are still carefully pre served in the Park. Many buildings ex ist in the oldest portion of the city near the wharves of the Delaware, given over to the basest uses of trade which were once the U'^cely mansions of well-to-do citizens. There are, too, many quiet court yards around which the windows or busy offices look down which have, perchance, seen many stirring episodes. In one of these, just off from Willing’s Alley, below Fourth Street, is the peace ful Catholic institution of St. Joseph’s, which many associate with the pathetic reunion of Evangeline and her lost lover Gabriel, when “On a Sabbth. morn, through the streets, deserted and silent, Wending her quiet way, she entered door of the almshouse,” And “sweet on the Summer air was odor of flowers in the garden.” the the United States Mint. The Mint of the United States was . es tablished by the act of April 2, 1792, and has the distinction of having been pro vided for in the first building erected for public purposes under the Federal Gov- Home for Aged and Infirm Colored Per sons, Belmont and Girard Avenues. Home for Convalescents, 35 North For tieth Street. Home for the Homeless, 708 Lombard Street. Home for Infants, 4618 Westminster Avenue. Home for Orphans of Odd Fellows, Tioga. Home Teaching for the Adult Blind, 701 Walnut Street. House of Mercy, 411 Spruce Street. ' House of Rest for the Aged, Wayne Avenue, Germantown. House of Industry, 112 North Seventh Street. Howard Institution, 1612 Poplar Street. Home for F. and A. Masons, 3333-3337 North Broad Street. Indigent Widows and Single Women’s Society, 3615 Chestnut Street. Jane D. Kent Nursery, 302 North Six teenth Street. Kensington Day Nursery, 116 Diamond Street. Law and Order Society, 609 Walnut Street. Lincoln Institution, 324 South Eleventh Street. Lombard Day Nursery, 2218 Lombard Street. Magdalen Society, 213 North Twenty-first Street. Mercantile Beneficial Association, 1707 Spring Garden Street. Merchants’ Fund, 400 Chestnut Street. Midnight Mission, 919 Locust Street. Mission for Colored People, Eighth and Bainbridge Streets. Morris Refuse Association for Animals, 1242 Lombard Street. Mutual Aid Association of County Medi cal Society, 1818 Chestnut. Mary A. Drexel Home, Girard and Cor inthian Avenues. Methodist Home, Thirteenth Street and Lehigh Avenue. Methodist Orphanage, Ford and Monu mental Avenues. Methodist Episcopal City Missions, 1018 Arch Street. Northern Day Nursery, 1008 North Fifth Street. Northern Employment Association, 702 Green Street. Odd Fellows’ Home, Seventeenth and Ti oga Streets. Old Ladies Home, Wlssinoming. Old Man’s Home, Thirty-ninth Street and Powelton Avenue. Orphan Society, Sixty-fourth Street and Haverford Avenue. Penn Asylum for Indigent Widows and Single Women, Belgrade Street, above ernment. This building was erected ch Seventh Street, near Arch. The corner- stone was laid by David Rittenhouse, July 31, 1792. The superstructure was of plain brick. It was occupied in the Oc tober following, and the structure con tinued in use for about forty years. By the act of May, 3829, the present site was purchased, and the corner-stone of the new building was laid on the Fourth of July following. It is located at the corner of Chestnut and Juniper Streets, with a front of 150 feet on Chest nut and of 204 feet on Juniper Street. The structure is of white marble, of Grecian architecture, with two porticos, one on Chestnut Street and one on South Penn Square. It was finished and occu- pied in 1833. As originally constructed the building was not fire-proof, but has since been much altered interiorly and rendered practically fire-proof. organization of the Mint until 1873 the Director of the Mint was located in the Mint at Philadelphia, and was charged with the supervision of the hf^nch Mi nts and Assay Offices of the United States. By the act of 1873 a Bureau of the Mint was created and In th ° Treasury Department, Washing-ton, D. C. The Director super: ™ the W °rk of the Mint and Assav Offices, and the Coinage Mints, as well as the Assay Offices at New York, are by the same act administered by super intendents. The Mint has four opera tive officers—assayer, melter and refiner, coiner and engraver. All dies for the ?,l v .? r ¥ branch mints are made at the 1 hiladelphia Mint, and all minor coinage is also executed there. The Mint Is open to the public from 9 A. M. to 12 noon of Susquehanna Avenue. Northeast Diet Kitchen, Street. 1348 Mascher Northwest Diet Kitchen, 2039 Summer Street. I Pennsylvania Industrial Home for Blind | Women, Powelton Avenue. Pennsylvania Institution for Instruction of the Blind, Twentieth Streets. and Race Pennsylvania Prison Society, 1705 Chest nut Street. Pennsylvania Retreat for Blind Mutes, Aged and Infirm,3524 Lancaster Avenue. Pennsylvania Seamen's Friend Society, 422 South Front Street. Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 1627 Chestnut Street. Pennsylvania Society to Protect Children from Cruelty, 217 South Broad Street. Philadelphia Fountain Society, 13 Bank Street. Philadelphia Society for Organizing Charity, 1705 Chestnut Street. Presbyterian Home for Widows and Sin gle Women. Fifty-eighth Street and Greenway Avenue. Presbyterian Orphanage, Fifty-eighth Street and Klngsessing Avenue. Rosine Home. 3216 Germantown Avenue. Sheltering Arms, 717 Franklin Street. Southeast Diet Kitchen, 1719 South Ninth Street. Southwest Diet. Kitchen, 768 South Nine teenth Street. Southern Home for Destitute Children, Twelfth and Fitzwater Streets. Sunday Breakfast Association, Broad above Race Street. St. James’ Industrial School, Twenty- fourth and Walnut Streets. St. Luke’s Home. 1315-1317 Pine Street. St. Mark’s Home. 1428 Lombard Street. every working; day, except during the annual settlement and while the machin ery is shut down for repairs. The vis itors are shown the processes from the fine bars to the coinage presses, and are attended by intelligent ushers, who give brief explanations of the various pro cesses. The museums of rare coins and curios, together with a large and valua ble collection of medals from all parts of the world, is one of the most interest ing points. The '1Toy pound, which is the unit of weight in all of the Mints and Assay Of fices of the United States, is kept in a strong vault at the Philadelphia Mint, and annually a commission is appointed by the President to conduct the annual assay and try the weights used in the Mints by the Troy pound standard. This weight is carefully insulated and pre served against oxidation. The treasure vaults and the whole Mint building are under constant guard day and night. The progress of the watch is noted on auto matic registers every quarter hour. The increased demands made upon the facilities of the Philadelphia Mint be came so much in excess of the space and machinery at command that the Government has taken steps to erect a great permanent Mint, which it is ex pected will be located upon. Broad Street above Cherry, and will prove another no table addition to local architecture. The postal known esting Postal Service 1785 -1896. efficiency of the Philadelphia service of to-day is too well to need comment,' but it is inter- to recall the first postal notice St. Peter’s House. Front and Streets. Society for the advancement of Chris- tianity, 217 South Third Street. Temporary Home Association, 505 North Sixth Street. Union Benevolent Association, 113 South Seventh Street. Union Home for Old Ladies, Lancaster and Girard Avenues. Union Temporary Home for Children, 127 South Twelfth Street. Visiting Nurse Society, 1203 Race Street- Western Day Nursery, 35 North Fortieth Street. Western Temporary Home, 35 North For- West Philadelphia Diet Kitchen, 35 North Fortieth Street. Western Soup Society, Fin South Street. Willing Day Nursery, 427 Pine Street. Historical Places. The Quaker city, which has been the theatre of so much of great import in the early history of the colonies and the United States, and the home ot so many distinguished men, is peculiarly rich in the possession of visible relics of the past The chief of these is Independence Hall from the southern windows of which the visitor looks out upon the ever beautiful square its walks shaded with noble trees, and its lawns well kept. This is the repository ot numerous relics of the revolutionary era, among them being the Liberty Bell, and the heavy oaken frame upon which it former ly rested. The room in which the ordi nance of the Declaration of Independence was passed and the document signed is preserved as nearly as possible with the original furniture in its original appear ance Two blocks below and leading away from Chestnut Street, is a small by-way leading to Carpenter’s Hall, a quaint and modest building now nearly smothered by the vast modern structures about it. Here was assembled, nearly two years prior to the immortal event of July 4, 1776, the First Continental Con gress. It is now maintained a" a public that was posted up in Philadelphia in 1785 for the information of the publia - and compare the system between tivis fficity and foreign parts with that of to day. The notice posted "conspicuously about town was as follows:— “The ma.il arrives from. New York every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 12 o’clock, and returns are forwarded at 2 o’clock on the same day. “The post arrives from Baltimore on Thursday, and returns on Saturday at 12 o’clot". “The post from the Eastern shore of Maryland arrives on Wednesday morn ing, and sets out on the same day at 3 o’clock. “Letters for the French and British packets are received from the different post offices throughout the United States; the postage to New York must be paid at the office where the letters are left to be forwarded. “The British packet sails from New York for Falmouth the first Wednesday of every month throughout the year. “The French packet sails about the 15th of every month. “A post from the Eastern Shore of Maryland arrives at the Harp and Crown every Tuesday, and returns every Wednesday at 12 o’clock.” Ahead In These. The first paper mill built in America was erected upon the Wissahickon Creek in 1690. . The first pianoforte manufactured in the United States was made here by John Behrent in 1775. The mariner’s quadrant was invented by Thomas Godfrey, in Germantown, Philadelphia, in 1730. The Philadelphia water works, the first of the kind in the country, were com menced May 2, 1799. The first hospital in connection with a university in the United .States was opened in Philadelphia. The first public library in the United States was founded by Benjamin Frank lin in 1752. The theory that lightning and elec tricity was demonstrated by Franklin in 1752. The Arctic first American expedition for exploration left Philadelphia March 4, 1753. The first vessel moved by steam was navigated at Philadelphia by John Fitch, July 20, 1786. The first school of Anatomy in America was opened here by Dr. William Shippen in 1762. The first pleasure grounds for the peo ple, laid out in America, were dedicated here in 1681. The first experimental railroad track laid down in the United States was put down in a yard adjoining the Bull’s Head Tavern, Philadelphia, in September, 1809. ■
The Raleigh Times (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
June 18, 1896, edition 2
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